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• PROMIS Methodology
• Pediatric Methodology
• Selected Publications
• Presentations
• Public Use Data
• Origins of PROMIS
• Legacy Scales & Items
• Qualitative Item Review
• Calibration Testing
• Validity Studies

Selected Publications

Below are selected references that provide the best summary of PROMIS instruments. A complete list of PROMIS in the literature can be found at the Publications by Year page.

General

A triplet of manuscripts published in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology speaks to the reliability and validity of PROMIS instruments.

• Cella, D., Riley, W., Stone, A., Rothrock, N., Reeve, B., Yount, S., Amtmann, D., Bode, R., Buysse, D. J., Choi, S. W., Cook, K. F., DeVellis, R., DeWalt, D., Fries, J. F., Gershon, R., Hahn, E., Pilkonis, P., Revicki, D., Rose, M., Weinfurt, K., & Hays, R. D. on behalf of the PROMIS Cooperative Group. (2010). Initial item banks and first wave testing of the Patient–Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) network: 2005–2008. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(11), 1179-94.
• Liu, H. H., Cella, D., Gershon, R., Shen, J., Morales, L. S., Riley, W., & Hays, R. D. (2010). Representativeness of the PROMIS Internet panel. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(11), 1169-78.
• Rothrock, N. E., Hays, R. D., Spritzer, K., Yount, S. E., Riley, W., and Cella, D. (2010). Relative to the general US population, chronic diseases are associated with poorer health–related quality of life as measured by the Patient–Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(11), 1195-204.

Three earlier manuscripts describe the PROMIS instrument development methodology.

• Cella, D., Yount, S., Rothrock, N., Gershon, R., Cook, K., Reeve, B., Ader, D., Fries, J. F., Bruce, B., Matthias, R., & on behalf of the PROMIS cooperative group. (2007). The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): Progress of an NIH Roadmap Cooperative Group during its first two years. Medical Care, 45(5), S3-11. (PMID: 17443116)
• DeWalt, D.A., Rothrock, N., Yount S., Stone, A., on behalf of the PROMIS Cooperative Group. Evaluation of Item Candidates -The PROMIS Qualitative Item Review. Med Care 2007; 45: S12-S21.
• Reeve, B., Hays, R. D., Bjorner, J., Cook, K., Crane, P. K., Teresi, J. A., Thissen, D., Revicki, D. A., Weiss, D. J., Hambleton, R. K., Liu, H., Gershon, R., Reise, S. P., Lai, J. S., Cella, D., & on behalf of the PROMIS cooperative group. (2007). Psychometric evaluation and calibration of health–related quality of life item banks: Plans for the Patient–Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Medical Care, 45(5), S22–31.

Physical Function

• Rose, M., Bjorner, J. B., Becker, J., Fries, J. F., & Ware, J. E. (2008). Evaluation of a preliminary physical function item bank supports the expected advantages of the Patient–Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 61, 17–33.

Pain

• Amtmann, D. A., Cook, K. F., Jensen, M. P., Chen, W-H., Choi, S. W., Revicki, D., Cella, D., Rothrock, N., Keefe, F., Callahan, L., Lai, J-S. (2010). Development of a PROMIS item bank to measure pain interference. Pain, 150(1), 173–82.
• Revicki, D. A., Chen, W-H., Harnam, N., Cook, K., Amtmann, D., Callahan, L. F., Jensen, M. P., & Keefe, F. J. (2009). Development and psychometric analysis of the PROMIS pain behavior item bank. Pain, 146(1–2), 158–69. (PMCID: PMC2775487)

Fatigue

• Garcia, S. F., Cella, D., Clauser, S. B., Flynn, K. E., Lad, T., Lai, J. S., Reeve, B., Smith, A. W., Stone, A. A., & Weinfurt, K. P. (2007). Standardizing patient–reported outcomes assessment in cancer clinical trials: a PROMIS initiative. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 25(32), 5106–12.

Sleep

• Buysse, D. J., Moul, D. E., Germain, A., Yu, L., Stover, A. M., Dodds, N. E., Johnston, K. L., Shablesky–Cade, M. A., & Pilkonis, P. A. (2010). Development and validation of patient–reported outcome measures for sleep disturbance and sleep–related impairments. Sleep, 33(6), 781–92.

Emotional Distress

• Pilkonis, P.A., Choi, S.W., Reise, S.P., Stover, A.M., Riley, W.T., Cella, D., on behalf of the PROMIS Cooperative Group. Item Banks for Measuring Emotional Distress from the Patient–Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): Depression, Anxiety, and Anger. In press.

Social Health

• Hahn, E. A., DeVellis, R. F., Bode, R. K., Garcia, S. F., Castel, L. D., Eisen, S. V., Bosworth, H. B., Heinemann, A. W., Rothrock, N., Cella, D., & on behalf of the PROMIS Cooperative Group. (2010). Measuring social health in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): Item bank development and testing. Quality of Life Research, 19(7), 1035-44.

Global Health

• Hays, R. D., Bjorner, J., Revicki, R. A., Spritzer, K. L., & Cella, D. (2009). Development of physical and mental health summary scores from the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) global items. Quality of Life Research, 18(7), 873–80.

Pediatric

• Irwin, D. E., Stucky, B., Langer, M. M., Thissen, D., DeWitt, E. M., Lai, J-S., Varni, J. W., Yeatts, K., & DeWalt, D. A. (2010). An item response analysis of the pediatric PROMIS anxiety and depressive symptoms scales. Quality of Life Research, 19(4), 595–607.
• Varni, J. W., Stucky, B. D., Thissen, D., DeWitt, E. M., Irwin, D., Lai, J-S., Yeatts, K., & DeWalt, D. A. (2010). PROMIS Pediatric Pain Interference Scale: An item response theory analysis of the Pediatric Pain Item Bank. Journal of Pain, 11(11), 1109-19.
• Yeatts, K. B., Stucky, B. D., Thissen, D., Irwin, D., Varni, J. W., DeWitt, E. M., Lai, J-S., & DeWalt, D. A. (2010). Construction of the Pediatric Asthma Impact Scale (PAIS) for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Journal of Asthma, 47(3), 295–302.