PROMIS v1.0 item banks and short forms are available by download for free in Assessment CenterSM. Click on the link below to complete a simple registration process. Afterwards, you can download a zip file of all PROMIS instruments.
ASSESSMENT CENTER
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Available Instruments
PROMIS instruments derive primarily from calibrated item banks that enable computerized adaptive testing and multiple short forms of varying length. The following instruments are available as of April 1, 2008.
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Domain |
Adult |
Pediatric |
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Bank |
Short Forms |
Bank |
Short Form |
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Emotional Distress – Anger |
29 |
8 |
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6 |
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Emotional Distress – Anxiety |
29 |
4, 6, 7, 8 |
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8 |
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Emotional Distress – Depression |
28 |
4, 6, 8, 8 |
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8 |
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Fatigue |
95 |
4, 6, 7, 8 |
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10 |
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Pain – Behavior |
39 |
7 |
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Pain – Interference |
41 |
4, 6, 6, 8 |
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8 |
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Satisfaction with Participation in Discretionary Social Activities |
12 |
7 |
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Satisfaction with Participation in Social Roles |
14 |
4, 6, 7, 8 |
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Sleep Disturbance |
27 |
4, 6, 8, 8 |
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Sleep-Related Impairment |
16 |
8 |
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Physical Function |
124 |
4, 6, 8, 10, 20 |
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– Mobility |
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23 |
8 |
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– Upper Extremity |
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29 |
8 |
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Asthma |
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17 |
8 |
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Peer Relationships |
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15 |
8 |
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Global Health |
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10 |
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Notes on Administration
PROMIS Version 1.0 instruments were developed based on data collected on an internet survey platform. As such, it can safely be considered valid for internet or personal computer-based applications with screen presentations of individual items. Comparability of results obtained using paper or telephone administration cannot be assumed until further testing is done. On average, respondents will answer 5 questions per minute, suggesting, for example, that a CAT administration of all 9 banks with an average of 5 items per bank will take about 10 minutes to complete.
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Selecting the Right Instrument for your Study
There are two general options to consider when selecting a PROMIS instrument for your study: CAT or static short forms. Within these two general options are several specific considerations to guide your optimal selection. In all cases, when you create an assessment from a PROMIS bank, a score will be produced on the same common (Theta) metric which has been converted to a T-distribution based on the United States general population. The choice you make for assessment in your study should be driven by your relative interests in precision, brevity, item content, and flexibility/portability.
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PROMIS Translations
PROMIS items were translated through the application of a rigorous scientific approach, consisting of an iterative process of forward translations, reconciliation, back translation, and multiple reviews, followed by a pre-test on a small sample of the target population to ensure the translation is valid (Eremenco et al., 2005). Each step is extensively documented. This methodology was developed and validated to ensure that translations of qualitative measures reflect conceptual equivalence with the source document and are rendered in language that is culturally acceptable and relevant to the target population. A rigorous and multi-step approach to translation leads to good quality translations of items developed in English.
PROMIS items are translated using a universal approach. Applying a universal approach to translations results in one version for multiple countries instead of country-specific versions of the same language (e.g., Spanish for Mexico, Spanish for Spain, Spanish for Puerto Rico). It requires that translators from different regions or dialects contribute to the process. Other aspects include avoiding colloquial expressions and pre-testing the questionnaire with participants from relevant regions. A universal approach enables comparisons across subgroups of Spanish speaking populations, assuming the scale applied is unbiased; it minimizes bias introduced by multiple translations in a clinical trial; and reduces supplier-induced demand bias, as translation companies are able to profit more by producing country-specific versions.
Eremenco, S. L., Cella, D., and Arnold, B. J. (2005). A comprehensive method for the translation and cross-cultural validation of health status questionnaires. Eval Health Prof, 28, 212-232.
PROMIS Translations - Language availability
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Sub domain |
Bank - Calibrated ENG items |
Un-calibrated ENG items |
Short-form |
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Anger (29) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI, |
SPA (14) |
SPA, MCHI |
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Anxiety (29) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI, |
SPA (19) |
SPA, MCHI |
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Depression (28) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI |
SPA (25) |
SPA, CZE, FRE, GER, HUN, ITA, POL, MCHI |
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Fatigue (95) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI |
SPA (22) |
SPA, CZE, FRE, GER, HUN, ITA, POL, MCHI |
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Pain Behavior (39) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI |
n/a |
SPA, MCHI |
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Pain Interference (41) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI |
SPA (6) |
SPA, MCHI |
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Physical Function(124) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI, |
SPA (15) |
SPA, MCHI |
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Sleep Disturbance (27) |
SPA, MCHI |
n/a |
SPA, MCHI, BUL, GER, HUN, JPN, LAT, LIT, POL, RUS, SLK, UKR |
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Sleep-Related Impairment (16) |
SPA, MCHI |
n/a |
SPA, MCHI |
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Social Satisfaction_DSA (12) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI |
n/a |
SPA, MCHI |
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Social Satisfaction_Roles (14) |
SPA, GER (partial bank), POR, MCHI |
n/a |
SPA, MCHI |
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Social Function |
SPA |
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SPA, MCHI |
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Social Support |
SPA |
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SPA, MCHI |
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Social Isolation |
SPA |
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Social Satisfaction |
SPA |
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Global (10) |
SPA, POR, MCHI (one item) |
n/a |
SPA, POR |
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Pediatric * (156) |
SPA, POR |
SPA, POR (1) |
SPA, POR |
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Selected items (5) from Fatigue, Pain Interference, Physical Function, Sleep/Wake, and Social-Satisfaction_ Roles banks are also available in Danish, Dutch, French, German, Italian and Norwegian. |
*Pediatric items: Pain Interference, Fatigue, Asthma, Depression/Sadness, Anxiety,
Peer Relationships, Upper Extremity, Mobility, and Anger (Short Form)
Key: black = available; red = translation in progress (MCHI=Simplified Chinese);
khaki = translations pending approval by PROMIS Statistical Center
blue = bank not finalized in English
Language abbreviations:
SPA= Spanish
GER=German
POR=Portuguese
MCHI=Simplified Chinese
BUL=Bulgarian
HUN=Hungarian
JPN=Japanese
LAT=Latvian
LIT= Lithuanian
POL=Polish
RUS=Russian
SLK=Slovak
UKR=Ukrainian
CZE=Czech
FRE=French
ITA=Italian
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Instrument Properties
Recall Period
Most PROMIS item banks utilize a 7-day recall period. “The past 7 days” is the reference period for all items in Anxiety, Anger, Depression, Fatigue, Pain Behavior, Pain Interference, Satisfaction with Discretionary Social Activities, and Satisfaction with Social Roles. Physical function items emphasize current capabilities and therefore do not employ a recall period. Item stems begin with phrases such as “Does your health now limit you” or “Are you able to.” Some global health items use a 7-day recall period while others do not employ a recall period and emphasize current status “in general.”
Response Options
The term “response options” refers to the set of answers a respondent can choose from when responding to a question or statement. Virtually all PROMIS items employ five response options (e.g., 1=Not at all, 2=A little bit, 3=Somewhat, 4=Quite a bit, 5=Very much). Pain Behavior uses six response options to allow for respondents to endorse “no pain.” The 10 PROMIS Global Health items each have 5 response choices, with the exception of the common 11-point pain intensity item (“How would you rate your pain on average” with 0=No pain and 10=Worst imaginable pain).
To the extent possible, the wording of response categories was kept consistent within banks, and a limited degree of variation in response options was used across banks. This was done to ease patient burden. An effort was made for items within a PROMIS domain to utilize the same or a small number of response options. Some flexibility in response choices within banks was considered important, however, to capture the range of patient experience in a domain (e.g., intensity, frequency, duration). Therefore, for example, most banks employed a common set of response options for intensity (i.e., “Not at all” to “Very much”) and frequency (i.e., “Never” to “Always”). The final response categories were pre-tested with cognitive interviews to confirm patient comprehension, prior to field testing for item calibration. When possible, to ease responder burden, initial short forms developed from PROMIS item banks comprise items with a common set of response options. Exceptions are the 10 Global Health items which utilize 5 unique response options and the Physical Function short form which uses 2 response options.
Populations
As noted in the Calibration Studies Testing section, a sample reflecting Year 2000 census demographics data was used for scale setting. Many participants with chronic disease (e.g., cancer, heart disease, arthritis, COPD, spinal cord injury, psychiatric conditions) were included.
Precision
Precision, the conceptual inverse of error, is increased by adding questions from the same item bank. Two important things to keep in mind are that the amount of increase in precision gained by adding a question decreases as the number of questions increases. Therefore, a 6-item scale is much more precise than a 1-item scale, but the increase in precision gained by adding yet another 5 questions to create an 11-item scale is not nearly as much as going from 1 to 6 questions. The second thing to keep in mind is that not all questions in a bank are equally informative, so it matters which question you add. This is the reason that CAT assessment will virtually always be more precise than a fixed short form of the same length. PROMIS banks using CAT can achieve precision that meets standards for individual level assessment with fewer than 6 questions on average. If precision of assessment is your main goal (such as might be the case in tracking an individual person over time to detect reliable change), then CAT (or a static short form of 10 or more items) would be your preferred choice.
Brevity
Both CAT and static short forms can be brief. CAT will out-perform a static short form of the same length, so if brevity and precision are desired, CAT would be the better choice. However, often brevity is desired in settings where CAT is not possible or even desired. Some applications (e.g., large sample studies seeking population estimates; large sample clinical trials that plan group comparisons) do not require the precision offered by CAT or lengthy short forms. In that case, careful selection of a small number of questions per bank (even one question per bank) will produce T-scores that can still be referenced to the general population sample. Although confidence in the individual score estimates derived from very short forms is low, large group averages are reliable. Using item statistics in this manual and on Assessment Center, customized short forms of any length can be created from the PROMIS item banks. We have created sample short forms for each bank, ranging in length from 6-10 items per form. Items selected for these short forms cover the measurement range with some of the more informative questions. Each of them is suited for individual assessment in the middle range of the trait being measured. Extremes on the measurement continuum (e.g., very little fatigue or extreme fatigue) are less reliably estimated. Briefer short forms can be custom made.
Item Content
Sometimes a researcher will prefer to determine which questions in a bank are administered. Reasons for this preference can be the clinical relevance of a desired subset of items, or the lack of relevance of a subset of questions in a given target research population. Similarly, some researchers may wish to ensure that the same questions get administered at every time point in a longitudinal design. In these cases, CAT would not be desirable. The strength of CAT is in its flexibility with regard to selection and sequence of specific questions asked in any given assessment. Generally, then, only one question in the bank (the first one) administered by the CAT engine would be guaranteed to be repeated at each assessment. In these cases (desire to determine which questions get asked or desire to ask the same questions at each administration), static short forms would be the preferred option. CAT options do exist, however, to “balance” content of items administered from a given bank, which is important to remember before opting out of the CAT approach.
Flexibility/Portability
For all practical purposes, CAT administration depends upon access to computer administration (either web-based or standalone computer). Although options exist for branched assessment that approximates CAT on paper, these are not currently available for PROMIS banks. Thus, any research project that does not have the capability to electronically enter participant responses in real time should select paper (or telephone) administration of static short forms.
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